Designing and optimization of perovskite solar cells using different electron-transporting materials

Karimi, Elham; Ghorashi, S.M. Bagher

doi:10.22055/jrmbs.2018.13893

Designing and optimization of perovskite solar cells using different electron-transporting materials

Document Type : Full length research Paper

Authors

Department of Physics, University of Kashan, Khashan, Iran

10.22055/jrmbs.2018.13893

Abstract

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study of organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells using two different transparent conducting oxides, including SnO2 and ZnO, as electron-transporting materials. Simulation is an interesting way of studying the behavior of every component of a solar cell device as well as analyzing the performance of the full device. A solar cell capacitance simulator (AMPS)-1D has been the tool used for numerical simulation of such devices. In this study, the inluences of thickness of absorber and ETMs, dopant concentration of absorber and ETM, and working temperature on the performance of photovoltaic solar cells are studied. The performance of both devices indicates the replacement of SnO2 by a ZnO layer. ZnO can be a good option to reduce the cost and increase the mobility of ETM for this type of solar cells.

Keywords

Main Subjects

optics and Photonics

References

[1] S. Agarwal, M. Seetharaman, N.K. Kumawat, A.S. Subbiah, S.K. Sarkar, D. Kabra, M.A. Namboothiry, P.R. Nair, On the uniqueness of ideality factor and voltage exponent of perovskite-based solar cells, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 5 (2014) 4115–4121.

[2] V.J. Babu, S. Vempati, S. Sundarrajan, M. Sireesha, S. Ramakrishna, Effective nano structured morphologies for efficient hybrid solar cells, Solar Energy 106 (2-14) 1–22.

[3] J. Burschka, N. Pellet, S.J. Moon, R. Humphry, P. Gao, M.K. Nazeeruddin, M. Gratzel, Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells, Nature 499 (2013) 316–319.

[4] Q. Chen, H. Zhou, Z. Hong, S. Luo, H.S. Duan, H.H. Wang, Y. Liu, G. Li, Y.Yang, Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via vapor-assisted solution process, Journal of the American Chemical Society 136 (2014) 622–625.

[5] M.A. Green, A. Baillie, H.J. Snaith, The emergence of perovskite solar cells, Nature Photonics 8(2014) 506–514.

[6] Z. Yang, A. Shang, L. Qin, Y. Zhan, C. Zhang, P. Gao, J. Ye, X. Li, Broadband and wide-angle light harvesting by ultra-thin silicon solar cells with partially embedded dielectric spheres, Optics Letters 41 (2016) 1329–1332.

[7] Z. Xu, H. Qiao, H. Huangfu, X. Li, J. Guo, H. Wang, Optical absorption of several nanostructures arrays for silicon solar cells, Optics Communications 356 (2015) 526–529.

[8] Z. Xu, H. Huangfu, X. Li, H. Qiao, W. Guo, J. Guo, H. Wang, Role of nanocone and nanohemisphere arrays in improving light trapping of thin film solar cells, Optics Communications 377 (2016) 104–109.

[9] E. Karimi, S.M.B. Ghorashi, Investigation of the Influence of Different Hole-Transporting Materials on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells, Optick 16(2016) S0030-4026.

[10] J. Zhang, Z. Yu, Y. Liu, H. Chai, J. Hao, H. Ye, Dual interface gratings design for absorption enhancement in thin crystalline silicon solar cells, Optics Communications 399 (2017) 62-67.

[11] W.I. Nam, Y.J. Yoo, Y.M. Song, Geometrical shape design of nanophotonic surfaces for thin film solar cells, Optics Express 24 (2016) A1033–A1044.

[12] X. Jia, L. Shen, Y. Liu, W. Yu, X. Gao, Y. Song, W. Guo, S. Ruan, W. Chen, Performance improvement of inverted polymer solar cells thermally evaporating CuI as an anode buffer layer, Synthetic Metals 198 (2014) 1–5.

[13] Y. Jiang, M.A. Green, R. Sheng, A. Baillie, Room temperature optical properties of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites, Sol. Energy Mater. Solar Cells 137 (2015) 253–257.

[14] E.J. Juarez, R.S. Sanchez, L. Badia, G.Garcia, Y.S. Kang, L. Mora, J. Bisquert, Photoinduced giant dielectricbconstant in lead halide perovskite solar cells, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 5 (2014) 2390–2394.

[15] L. Kavan, M. Gra¨tzel, Highly efficient semiconducting TiO₂ photoelectrodes prepared by aerosol pyrolysis, Electrochimica Acta 40 (1995) 643–652.

[16] M.I. Hossain, F.H. Alharbi, N. Tabet, Copper oxide as inorganic hole transport material for lead halide perovskite based solar cells, Sol. Energy 120(2015) 370-380.

[17] M.M. Lee, J. Teuscher, T. Miyasaka, T.N. Murakami, H.J. Snaith, Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-superstructured organometal halide perovskites, Science 338 (2012) 643–647.

[18] X. Li, N.P. Hylton, V. Giannini, K.H. Lee, N.J. Daukes, S.A. Maier, Bridging electromagnetic and carrier transport calculations for three-dimensional modelling of plasmonic solar cells, Optics Express 19(2011) 888–896.

[19] D. Liu, T.L. Kelly, Perovskite solar cells with a planar heterojunction structure prepared using room-temperature solution processing techniques, Nature Photonics 8 (2014) 133–138.

[20] A. Asadollahbaik, S.A. Boden, M.D.B. Charlton, D.N.R. Payne, S. Cox, D.M. Bagnall, Reflectance properties of silicon moth-eyes in response to variations in angle of incidence, polarisation and azimuth orientation, Optics Express 22 (2014) A402–A415.

[21] M. Liu,M.B. Johnston, H.J. Snaith, Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition, Nature 501 (2013) 395–398.

[22] P. Loper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipic, S.J. Moon, J.H. Yum, M. Topic, S.D. Wolf, C. Ballif, Complex refractive index spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry and spectrophotometry, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 6 (2015) 66–71.

[23] Z. Xu, H. Huangfu, L. He, J. Wang, D. Yang, J. Guo, H. Wang, Light-trapping properties of the Si inclined nanowire arrays, Optics Communications 382 (2017) 332–336.

[24] T. Minemoto, M. Murata, Theoretical analysis on effect of band offsets in perovskite solar cells, Solar Energy Material Solar Cells 133 (2015) 8–14 (2015).

[25] A.J. Moule, H.J. Snaith, M. Kaiser, H. Klesper, D.M. Huang, M.Gratzel, K. Meerholz, Optical description of solid-state dyesensitized solar cells, Applied Physics 106 (2009) 073-111.

[26] N. Yamamuro, T. Matsuo, H. Suga, Dielectric study of CH₃NH₃PbX₃, (X = Cl, Br, I), Journal Physical Chemistry Solids 53 (1992) 935–939.

[27] D. Poplavskyy, J. Nelson, Nondispersive hole transport in amorphous films of methoxy-spirofluorene-arylamine organic compound, Applied Physics 93 (2003) 341-349.

[28] H.J. Snaith, M. Gratzel, Electron and hole transport through mesoporous TiO₂ infiltrated with spiro-MeOTAD, Advanced Materials 19 (2007) 3643–3647.